Speech Collab topic

Collabtopic: Late Language Emergence prepared by A.vanaja speech therapist from kurnool pinnacle branch **Late Language Emergence; Late language emergence (LLE) is a delay in language onset with no other diagnosed disabilities or developmental delays in other cognitive or motor domains. LLE is diagnosed when language development trajectories are below age expectations. Toddlers who exhibit LLE may also be referred to as "late talkers" or "late language learners." Children with LLE may have expressive language delays only, or they may have mixed expressive and receptive delays. Children with expressive delays show delayed vocabulary acquisition and often show delayed development of sentence structure and articulation. Children with mixed expressive and receptive language delays show delays in oral language production and in language comprehension. ***signs and symptoms: Signs and symptoms among monolingual English-speaking children with late language emergence (LLE) are often based on parent-report measures. An extensively used set of criteria for LLE is an expressive vocabulary of fewer than 50 words and no two-word combinations by 24 months of age (Paul, 1991; Rescorla, 1989). It is essential to review these criteria at regular intervals (e.g., every 6 months) to assess language growth and to determine if language skills fall outside of developmental trajectories and whether the child demonstrates LLE. It is alsoIt is also important to consider other language development factors, including rate of vocabulary growth, speech sound development, emerging grammar, language comprehension, social language skills, use of gestures, and symbolic play behaviors (Olswang et al., 1998; Wetherby et al., 2002). For example, when compared with toddlers of the same age with typical language development, late talkers may demonstrate phonological differences once they do produce their first words, including less complex/mature syllable structures, lower percentage of consonants correct, and smaller consonant and vowel inventories (Mirak & Rescorla, 1998; Paul & Jennings, 1992; Rescorla & Ratner, 1996); delayed comprehension **causes of LLE The causes of late language emergence (LLE) in otherwise healthy children are not known. However, several variables are thought to play a role. Risk Factors Based on research comparing children with late language emergence with typically developing peers on variables linked to language development, a number of risk factors for LLE have been proposed, including child and family factors, elaborated as follows **Child Factors **Family Factors **Protective Factors

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