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Auditory processing disorder
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What is central Auditory processing disorder
Central auditory processing—also seen in the literature as (central) auditory processing or auditory processing—is the perceptual processing of auditory information in the central auditory nervous system (CANS) and the neurobiological activity that underlies that processing and gives rise to electrophysiologic auditory potentials.
Knowledge of the neuroanatomy and physiology of the CANS is essential for understanding and interpreting underlying processes and deficits. Medwetsky (2011) provides in-depth information on this topic.
Central auditory processing consists of mechanisms that preserve, refine, analyze, modify, organize, and interpret information from the auditory peripheral system. These mechanisms underlie skills such as auditory discrimination, temporal aspects of audition, and binaural processing (ASHA, 1996; Bellis, 2011; Chermak & Musiek, 1997).
Central Auditory Processing and Language Processing
There is general agreement that auditory perceptual abilities and language development are interrelated—as are auditory processing skills and pre-literacy skills (Corriveau et al., 2010)—and that it can be difficult to separate the influence of auditory and language skills with regard to academic demands (Richard, 2012, 2013). The act of processing speech is complex and involves the engagement of auditory, cognitive, and language mechanisms, often simultaneously (Medwetsky, 2011).
Richard’s (2013, 2017) continuum of processing includes both auditory processing and language processing. This continuum involves the following types of processing:
central auditory processing, in which the neural representation of acoustic signals is processed after they leave the cochlea and travel through the auditory nervous system to the primary auditory cortices of the left and right hemispheres
phonemic processing, in which phonemic skills such as sound discrimination, blending, and segmenting are utilized to discriminate acoustic features of the signal
linguistic processing, in which meaning is attached to the signal.
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