Difference between upper motor lesion lower motor lesion
Upper motor neurone lesions present with hypertonia and spastic paralysis, whereas lower motor neurone lesions are usually associated with hypotonia and flaccid paralysis. This is because of the impaired ability of motor neurons to regulate descending signals, giving rise to disordered spinal reflexes.
Causes :
An upper motor neuron lesion is a lesion of the neural pathway above the anterior horn of the spinal cord or motor nuclei of the cranial nerves. A Lower motor neuron lesion is a lesion which affects nerve fibers traveling from the anterior horn of the spinal cord to the associated muscle.
The upper motor neurons originate in the cerebral cortex and travel down to the brain stem or spinal cord, while the lower motor neurons begin in the spinal cord and go on to innervate muscles and glands throughout the body.
Symptoms :
-Muscle weakness.
-Muscle atrophy (shrinkage)
-Muscle twitching.
-Difficulty with movement and coordination.
-Muscle cramps.
-Fasciculations (involuntary muscle contractions)
-Muscle stiffness.
Treatment :
Some common treatments include:
physical therapy and rehabilitation.
a balanced diet, with supplementation when necessary.
muscle relaxers and botulinum toxin (Botox), which are treatments for severe spasticity that can occur with late stage upper motor neuron disease, when people are not mobile.
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